Solar energy has established itself as one of the greatest allies in achieving global decarbonization. But as their implementation grows, a fundamental question arises: how can we ensure that the development of clean technologies is also sustainable in all your useful life?
In Europe, the debate on circularity is gaining weight. The European Commission promotes regulations such as WEEE Directive (WEEE) or REACH Regulationthat promote the reduction of critical materials, reuse and recycling of components.
Applying these principles to the solar sector is an essential step to prevent photovoltaic waste from becoming the “new environmental challenge” of the energy transition.
THE IRENA Estimates They point out that solar panel waste could reach 78 million tons in 2050 if we do not act with a common strategy.
To avoid this, manufacturers, distributors and governments must collaborate on three fronts: ecodesign, process optimization and recycling.
Ecodesign involves designing modules from the ground up so that they are lighter, more durable and easily removable.
It also involves reducing the use of scarce materials, such as silver, and incorporating recycled metals or less polluting substitutes. At the same time, factories in the sector are adopting low-carbon processes, improvements in water and energy efficiency and more demanding waste management systems.
The third pillar – and probably the most complex – is recycling. Today, the infrastructure to recover glass, aluminum and silicon from panels is still limited, but technology and public-private cooperation are advancing rapidly.
In Spain, where photovoltaic deployment is accelerating, this challenge will also be a great opportunity for create green jobs and industrial fabric associated with the end of the useful life of the modules.
Circularity is not just a complement to renewable growth, but a necessary condition to guarantee its environmental legitimacy. Thinking in cycles, not just kilowatts, should be the new mantra of the European solar industry.
*** Pia Alina Lange, Director of Public Affairs and EU Policy at Trinasolar