After the climate summit, when heads of state and government meet to discuss climate change, Belém will actually host COP30 (United Nations Climate Change Conference) starting on Monday (10).
While the previous phase, with world leaders, brought general guidelines for discussions, the conference itself – scheduled to take place until November 21st – will bring together a series of technical discussions on more than a hundred negotiating fronts in the climate debate.
The Brazilian government calls the event the Implementation Conference of the Parties, calling it to demonstrate in a practical way how the world should reach the climate goals already agreed in recent years. There will be a series of agendas going forward, according to the official UN timetable.
Anna Toney, CEO of COP30, said that adaptation to climate change is one of the key issues to be addressed at the event. “While continued mitigation (is important), we are already in a time of climate catastrophe, where we are having to learn how to adapt to a very different planet,” he recently said in an interview with C-Level Interview Company. Bound.
“At the COP, if all goes well, we will agree on global adaptation indicators. When we have those, the multilateral banks will use the same indicators,” he said.
Possible indicators include access to water resources and food security. Through it, countries or institutions can formulate actions to address problems more efficiently.
Another prediction relates to discussions about fossil fuels. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28), in Dubai, the world committed to distancing itself from the use of these materials – but there is still no concrete plan, including deadlines, to achieve the goal. Minister Marina Silva (Environment) says there must be a road map to achieve the goal.
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The opening plenary session of the COP, the subsidiary bodies (the groups that technically support the discussions) and the first rounds of negotiations will be held on Monday.
The session brings together all state delegations (so-called parties), as well as observers, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), international entities and representatives of the press.
Formal agendas are approved for each discussion session: the COP (on climate change), the COP/MOP (on the Kyoto Protocol), and the COP (on the Paris Agreement).
On the same day, a series of other events begins at the event pavilion – which is attended by several parties who managed to register and were presented by the organization. The Brazilian government itself is also planning some agendas, such as one that will discuss the participation of state-owned companies in the climate debate.
On Tuesday (11), the organization scheduled a coffee session about the ETF (the enhanced transparency framework established by the Paris Agreement). Earth Information Day is also scheduled to be an impact assessment focusing on economic diversification and a just transition.
There is an intention that discussions in these first two days will focus more on adaptation, cities, infrastructure, water and waste, local governments, bioeconomy, circular economy, science and technology and artificial intelligence.
On Wednesday (12), a dialogue meeting will be held on Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, which sets the rules for cooperation between countries in reducing emissions. It allows one country to transfer part of its greenhouse gas reductions to another country, as long as both countries maintain transparency. Events such as an update session on the greenhouse gas monitoring process are also planned.
On Thursday (13), negotiations on Article 6.2 continue, along with a youth-led climate forum (a space within the COP dedicated to the Youth Championship) and an information session on progress on greenhouse gas monitoring.
During these days, the Global Ethical Review, a joint initiative of President Lula (PT) and the Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres, will also be presented. The aim is to bring a range of contributions from civil society to the COP30 to limit the increase in the planet’s average temperature to 1.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels.
During these two days, the focus should be on the issues of health, jobs, education, culture, justice, human rights, information safety, and workers.
A round of dialogue is scheduled for Friday (14) for indigenous peoples and local communities. But the main focus should be on continuing negotiations.
On Saturday (15), the plenary session of the subsidiary bodies will conclude. High-level meetings with ministers on the Paris Agreement are also scheduled. The two days will focus on energy, industry, transportation, trade, finance and carbon markets.
On Sunday (16), there are no planned activities, and the meetings return on Monday (17) and are entirely focused on negotiations.
On Tuesday (18) there will be a dialogue on adaptation, which is one of the most important points of the event from the point of view of the Brazilian government. Discussions at the Youth-Led Climate Forum also concluded and the third Ministerial Roundtable on Just Transition was held.
On that day, the event will focus on forests, oceans and biodiversity, as well as indigenous peoples, local and traditional communities, children, youth and small and medium enterprises.
On Wednesday (19), dialogues on adaptation continue and a new high-level ministerial meeting is scheduled. The penultimate day, Thursday (20), was entirely devoted to negotiations. The closing plenary session of the event is scheduled for Friday (21), but it is common for the COP to extend negotiations until the following days.
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