As dogs age, some owners notice behavioral changes that go beyond what is expected for their age. The animal appears confused, forgets simple commands, or begins to sleep during the day and be restless at night. These signs may indicate canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), commonly known as canine dementia.
This pathology is the subject of a study published in September in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia, which shows that older dogs develop brain changes similar to those observed in humans. So, in addition to affecting the quality of life of animals, the disease also helps science better understand the mechanisms of dementia in humans.
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What is dog dementia
Canine dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Over time, there is a loss of neurons and a buildup of harmful proteins in the brain, compromising memory, orientation, learning and social interactions.
Unlike normal aging, these changes clearly interfere with the routine of the dog and its owner. Symptoms appear gradually and can vary in intensity.
Symptoms of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome
- Disorientation at home.
- Changes in sleep.
- Forget commands already learned.
- The mood changes.
- Anxiety.
- Loss of hygiene habits.
- Barking for no apparent reason.
- Less interest in games and walks.
What the science says
According to the study, pet dogs develop brain changes similar to those of Alzheimer’s disease, such as the buildup of plaques in the brain. Because they live in the same environment as humans and age faster, they have become an important model for dementia research.
Scientists say there is no single test to confirm canine dementia. Diagnosis is clinical and takes into account owner-reported history, veterinary evaluation, and tests to rule out other diseases, such as infections, tumors, or metabolic problems. Specific cognitive assessment scales also make it possible to measure the severity of the illness.
Treatment and care
There is no cure for canine dementia, but certain strategies can slow the progression and improve the animal’s well-being. Medication may be recommended by the veterinarian, in addition to routine changes, mental stimulation, a safe environment and adequate nutrition.
The sooner the signs are recognized, the greater the chances of maintaining quality of life. As the life expectancy of dogs increases, diseases related to aging have become more common.
Understanding that behavioral changes can be signs of illness – and not just “a matter of age” – helps owners seek specialist help and provide more appropriate care for older pets.
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