With the arrival of winter, driving faces common challenges such as ice, Snow and low temperatures. However, electric cars present an additional complication: loss of autonomy due to low temperature.
loss … Autonomy in winter is mainly due to the auxiliary heating and cooling systems. The energy from the battery is used not only to start the engine, but also to regulate the temperature of the passenger compartment and the battery itself.
Analysis by Geotab, based on anonymised data from 5.2 million trips 4200 electric carsHe emphasized that autonomy is affected by both cold and heat.
The effect is more significant in cold climates. The study places the optimal efficiency point for flights at around 21.5 degrees Celsius.
to Mitigating these risks and improving security While driving during the winter, a series of “good driving practices” can be followed by electric vehicle owners.
1
Take advantage of thermal systems
Heating the air in the passenger compartment can consume between 3,000 and 5,000 watts. In contrast, seat and steering wheel heating systems consume only about 75 watts, and transfer heat directly to the body through conduction. Using these facilities is more efficient and helps maintain comfort without consuming excessive battery.
2
Pre-condition the car
On very cold days, it is advisable to warm up the car before getting inside, while it is still plugged into a power outlet. This prevents range wear that may occur when the battery is used to warm the car while driving, and also allows the windows to be cleaned of fog beforehand.
3
Energy recovery
The way you drive is a constant factor that affects independence. Avoiding sudden acceleration and braking, as well as driving at high speeds, consumes more energy. By anticipating and avoiding hard braking, an electric vehicle’s regenerative braking system is allowed to recover energy and store it back in the battery.
Although each EV model has a different economy mode, its general function is to reduce energy consumption and increase mileage. This is achieved by limiting the power supply to the engine and high-consumption elements, such as the heater. In winter, this mode can also increase safety by reducing engine power and reducing the risk of wheels slipping on ice.
As the ambient temperature decreases, tire pressure decreases, which in turn increases rolling resistance and reduces range. It is recommended to check tire pressure every month, especially when seasonal variations are significant.
Therefore, cold preparedness, which includes pre-conditioning the vehicle, regularly monitoring tire pressure and efficient driving, is key to ensuring that an electric vehicle is ready to face the winter elements.