The Federal District has the highest average income and lowest illiteracy rate in the country, according to the Synthesis Survey of Social Indicators released on Wednesday (3/12) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
The annual survey, which organizes information about the country’s social reality from the perspective of inequality, addresses topics in the areas of economic structure and the labor market; Standard of living and income distribution; And education.
Read also
-
economy
Brazil’s industrial production rose 0.1% in October, IBGE says
-
economy
IBGE: Agriculture cuts 2.3 million employees from 2012 to 2024
-
Federal District
IBGE: Men aged 20 to 24 years die 3.7 times more often than women in DF
The study shows that the federal capital maintains the highest real average income from main occupation in the country (R$4,889) and the lowest illiteracy rate (1.8%), but records the highest Gini index (0.547) in the distribution of per capita household income in the Central West region, indicating high income inequality. Moreover, 15.3% of the population has income below the poverty line, while the unemployment rate fell to 9.7%, the third consecutive annual decline.
According to IBGE, the Gini index shows that the DF has the greatest inequality in income distribution among the country’s federal units.
performance
In 2024, white people earned, on average, 2.4 times more (R $ 7,757) than declared black or mixed women (R $ 3,170). The results indicate structural inequality, noting that these differences were found in all years of the series from 2012 to 2024.
In order to bring more elements to the investigation of income inequality in the labor market, sections according to the number of hours worked and level of education have been added.
In 2024, the working population of the Federal Capital received an average real hourly income from their main job of R$ 30.80, i.e. R$ 51.60 for those who completed higher education and R$ 13.60 for those who had no education or did not complete primary education, showing a significant difference in average hourly earnings when divided by education level.
When talking about per capita household income by gender, a disparity was observed between the income of men (R$ 3,392) and women (R$ 3,178). This difference was more pronounced by color or race.
White people have the highest income (R $ 4,443), which is 73.2% higher than that of black people (R $ 2,565) and 88.2% higher than that of black people (R $ 2,361) in 2024.
Illiteracy
The National Education Plan, in its ninth goal, sets the goal of eliminating illiteracy among the population aged 15 years or older by 2024. In 2024, according to the Contínua PNAD programme, the illiteracy rate among the Brazilian population aged 15 years or older reached 5.3%. The Federal District had the lowest illiteracy rate among the federal units, in 2024, at 1.8%.
According to the data of the PNAD 2024 Extended Continuing Education Unit, the percentage distribution of persons aged 25 years or over by level of education, in the Federal District, was highest for tertiary education (38.9% of the population), followed by complete secondary education (28.5%) and, thirdly, 14.4% did not complete primary education.
The federal district had the highest proportion among states of people aged 25 or over who had completed higher education, nearly double the national average of 20.4%; An increase of 7.6 percentage points compared to 2016 (31.3%).
Regarding the proportion of people aged 18 to 29 years with at least 12 years of schooling, the Federal District had the highest proportion (84.5%) among the federal units, in 2024. Regarding these same data, there was an increase of 13.1 percentage points compared to 2016 (71.4%).