Before understanding the reasons for this deficiency, it is important to understand the difference between libido and desire.
Likewise, some people may lose desire or libido due to a certain situation, while others may move into the asexual range in terms of their sexual orientation.
Although libido and desire are words used interchangeably in popular language, they are not exactly the same thing.
libido
- It is a term coined by Sigmund Freud that refers to the life impulse associated with sexuality. It represents the instinctive and biological component of the sexual impulse.
- Origin: It has mainly biological and hormonal basis. It is related to factors such as levels of testosterone, estrogen and other substances in the body.
- Perspective: It is considered an internal force that drives the search for sexual satisfaction alone or with someone else.
sexual desire
- It is the conscious manifestation of libido. It consists of the desire or interest in sexual activity, whether alone or with another person.
- Origin: It has biological components, but also psychological, emotional and social components. It can be influenced by experiences, relationships, mood and context.
- Perspective: It is expressed through thoughts, fantasies, or behaviors focused on sexual activity.
Biological factors
- Hormonal changes: Low levels of testosterone, estrogen, or other hormones can affect sexual desire.
- Chronic diseases: Health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, depression or neurological disorders can play a role.
- Side effects of medication: Some medications, particularly antidepressants, antihypertensives, and hormonal contraceptives, can reduce sexual desire.
Psychological factors
- Stress and Anxiety: High levels of stress or personal worries can have a negative impact on sexual interest.
- Depression: Decreased sexual desire is common in people with depressive disorders.
- Traumatic experiences: Sexual or emotional abuse or previous negative experiences can lead to loss of sexual interest.
Social and relational factors
- Relationship problems: Conflicts, lack of communication or dissatisfaction in the relationship can play a role.
- Education and Beliefs: Some people grew up in an environment where sexuality is a taboo subject or associated with feelings of guilt.
Sexual orientation and diversity
- Asexuality: Some people identify as asexual, meaning they do not experience sexual attraction to others. Asexuality is a valid sexual orientation and does not necessarily indicate a medical or psychological problem.
Sexual desire can vary throughout life and there is no one-size-fits-all “normal” level.
If the lack of sexual desire causes discomfort or personal or relationship problems, it is usually recommended to see a doctor to clarify possible causes and seek advice.
- It is not the same as abstinence: Asexuality does not mean a conscious decision to avoid sex, but rather is an orientation, i.e. a natural way of experiencing (or not experiencing) sexual attraction.
- Diversity within asexuality: Some asexual people may experience romantic attraction or have emotional relationships even if they don’t want to have sex. Others may experience sexual desire under very specific circumstances or to a very small extent.
- Other than sexual dysfunction: Asexuality is not considered a disorder or medical problem. It is not associated with trauma, illness or hormonal imbalances.
- Valid identity: Asexual people are part of sexual diversity and their orientation is recognized by international human rights and health organizations.
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