What is celebrated on November 15? Learn why this date is considered a national holiday and check out other holidays on the calendar

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Street trade can open on an optional basis, while shopping centers tend to operate at reduced hours, with stores open from early afternoon and food courts operating normally. Supermarkets and gas stations maintain service, and public transportation continues during holiday hours. Essential services, such as hospitals and emergency services, remain operational.

The decree declaring the republic was published on November 15, 1889, and included the following phrase: “The Federal Republic is provisionally proclaimed and proclaimed as a form of government of the Brazilian nation.” The document also changed the country’s official name, which moved from the Empire of Brazil to the United States of Brazil, a name that remained in effect until 1968, when the country adopted its current name, the Federal Republic of Brazil.

The republican movement was driven by the military’s dissatisfaction with the government of Dom Pedro II, which worsened after the Paraguayan War (1864–1870), which exposed the erosion of the armed forces and fostered a desire for greater political participation. Part of the political elite and former slave owners, dissatisfied with the abolition of slavery a year earlier, also supported the fall of the monarchy.

November 15 was officially established in 1949, under the government of President Eurico Gaspar Dutra, under Federal Law No. 662, later replaced by Law No. 10607/2002, which maintains this date among the country’s recognized national holidays.

With the Republic Proclamation Holiday, November is one of the months with the highest number of holidays on the calendar. In addition to the 15th, many Brazilian municipalities also celebrate Black Awareness Day, on November 20, which is a public holiday in many cities and states, although it is not a national date. See below what are the upcoming holidays for 2025:

November 20 (Thursday) – Zombie and Black Awareness Day (national holiday)

24 December (Wednesday) – Christmas Eve (optional point after 2pm)

December 25 (Thursday) – Christmas (national holiday)