A large portion of young people, between the ages of 16 and 21, still do not consider some behaviors to constitute gender-based violence. 11% think so Forcing the couple to have sex It is not considered abuse and 14% do not admit to this type of violence by threatening, pushing or hitting her after an argument. This age group Less aware of sexual violence Among men, according to data extracted from the VI Macrostudy study IntoleranceIt has been implemented for the sixth year in a row by the Mutua Madrileña Foundation and Antena 3.
For one in five boys in this group, insulting their partner is not considered an act of sexual violence. Also, 22% do not link this matter to disdain towards children, family or friends, and 38% do not consider obstructing their access to work or school to be a form of ill-treatment.
The highest percentage appears when analyzing the control that can be exercised over the person with whom he shares an emotional bond. regarding Money restriction Nearly half of the young people surveyed (41%) do not consider its practice to be a form of violence, and the same applies to Schedule control (38%), from Mobile or social networks (31%) and even Dressing method (27%).
Data from a sample of 6,000 people conducted in September directly indicate this Young people are the group most tolerant of gender-based violence. The reasons indicate, firstly, and according to the total population, the ease of access by minors to sexual content that distorts reality (55%), and secondly, to the content that is circulated on social media networks and Internet messages (51%). These reasons have similar percentages among adolescents between the ages of 16 and 18 years (54% and 51%, respectively).
Regarding the perception of gender violence in the general population, men have it Less perception of women For what this concept covers, all these actions are “indexed” with a lesser degree of violence. 9% of men do not consider “forced sexual relations” to be gender-based violence, compared to 6% of women.
The same thing happens with “pushing or hitting” and “verbal threats,” and although there is a high percentage who believe it is gender-based violence, it is lower among men (10% and 11%, respectively) than among women (7% and 6%). Controlling the way you dress, your schedule, your mobile phone and your social networks is also seen by women as gender-based violence to a greater extent than by men.
Those who think it is widespread come down
For the general population, violence against women remains a fairly widespread or very widespread problem. Two out of three respondents (66%) said this, although this percentage is 10 points lower than in 2020, when 77% said this.
On the other hand, 86% of the population surveyed believe that psychological violence is as condemnable as physical violence and can be more harmful, and up to 90% of women believe so, to a greater extent than men (82%). Furthermore, 66% consider violence against women “unacceptable” (awareness growing by 2 percentage points compared to 2020).
According to the study, One in five participants do not believe that gender violence is a serious social problem. They are more aware of the seriousness of the problem of violence against women (89% of women compared to 73% of men).
Fear is the main reason for not reporting
45% of the population knows of a case of gender-based violence in their environment, and if the data focuses on women, more than half (53%) know of a case of abuse, although the proportion is down by 3 percentage points compared to the previous report.
This is confirmed by the majority of the population, three out of every four people (75%). Would you react if you witnessed an attack?. The group of citizens who contact the police in the event of violence against women is very large, grows every year and is the most valuable option, although there is a proportion of men (14%) who indicate that they would intervene directly to stop the situation.
Among Reasons for not reportingFour in five women (80%) cite fear as the main reason victims do not report, followed by children (57%). 79% of those surveyed consider that minors are the most vulnerable to this situation in the family and do not enjoy adequate protection.
A restraining order, along with a reporting telephone number and psychological assistance, are the three most popular measures for both men and women. A restraining order is currently the most popular measure and has gained weight since 2020 in relation to psychological assistance.
Profile of the attacker
Regarding the profile of the aggressor, 70% believe they are manipulative and more than 67% believe they are men with dominant and aggressive personalities. There are also 46% who attribute sexual violence to the attacker’s low self-esteem or to alcohol and drug problems, with the same percentage.
For half of the respondents (51%). Sexist attitudes and culture are behind violence against womenBut women (59%), especially those between the ages of 22 and 34 (63%), are the ones who consider it the most. Education is the second reason, at 19%.
The influence of social networks
The study indicates that social media networks and connected screens have become, especially among young people, one of the main control and manipulation mechanisms used by aggressors. This is how the vast majority of the population looks at it: 83% believe that new technologies can be a tool for controlCoercing and threatening victims. 92% believe that some content circulated on social media contributes to generating new forms of sexual violence among young people.
In this sense, the overall study reflects the majority consensus on the need for exercise Greater control in navigation for minors. 80% of those surveyed support the digital passport and consider it an effective measure, and 72% in the age group of 16 to 21 years. In the same vein, 71% support installing parental controls by default on all electronic devices, a percentage that drops significantly to 48% among 16-21 year olds.
Regarding possible solutions to increase youth sensitivity to sexual violence, nearly half of those surveyed (47%) suggest creating a specific topic or content in educational programs. In fact, 85% think so Gender violence should be addressed more directly in the classroom Educational centers to promote prevention. Women value education as essential (51%), while men consider a more restrictive option such as banning cell phones in schools (34%).