for a long time, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults It was an unknown diagnosis. It was associated almost exclusively with childhood and the symptoms were supposed to disappear with age.
Advances in neuroscience show this ADHD may persist or appear only in adulthood, Which affects concentration, organization, and impulse control.
The specialists explain that Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder It has a strong genetic component. Recent studies indicate that about 80% of cases have a family history, indicating a strong genetic basis.
At the brain level, This disorder is associated with changes in the dopamine and norepinephrine systems, which are neurotransmitters Which regulates motivation, concentration and level of alertness.
Although there is no single cause, the interaction between genes, environment and early experiences seems to determine the way this phenomenon manifests itself in each person, says psychiatrist Stephen Rush, of the University of Cincinnati.
symptoms Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder In adulthood it can be Different from those observed in childhood. While hyperactivity is predominant in children, internal anxiety, emotional impulsivity, and difficulties in maintaining sustained attention tend to be present in adults.
Among the most common signs are constant distraction and a sense of presence “mentally satiated” Difficulty completing daily tasks.
Also frequent Forgetfulness, mood swings, and problems organizing routines. In the work environment, these symptoms can lead to poor performance or interpersonal conflicts.
Frances Javier, psychiatrist and medical director of Neuro Wellness Spa, explains that people with… ADHD “processes motivation and reward differently”. Dopamine systems are exhausted faster, resulting in a constant search for new stimuli or tasks. Therefore, monotonous or repetitive activities tend to be particularly difficult.
Contrary to what many people think,… ADHD isn’t just about distraction. In some adults, hyperfocus is prevalent, which is intense attention to tasks that generate interest or pleasure, but difficulty disengaging from them. This pattern can lead to imbalance in other areas of life, such as personal relationships or comfort.
In addition to the neurological aspects, specialists emphasize that the environment plays a crucial role. Factors such as Chronic stressthe Lack of sleep Or one malnutrition They can Intensification of symptoms.
he Diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder In adults it requires a comprehensive medical and psychological evaluation. There are no laboratory tests that detect it directly because it relies on clinical interviews, family history, and behavioral questionnaires.
According to psychiatrist Sandra Lu, of the University of California, Los Angeles, “the presence of multiple associated genetic variants increases the risk, but does not determine the diagnosis.”
Treatment combines medical and behavioral strategies. Stimulant medications that act on dopamine and norepinephrine are most commonly used to improve concentration and reduce impulsivity.
In parallel, Cognitive behavioral therapies help develop tools to organize time, create routines, and manage frustration.
Specialists stress the importance of approaching the diagnosis without stigma. Many adults discover their condition after years of frustration, and understanding it allows them to reorganize their personal and professional lives. Early detection can improve self-esteem and prevent associated anxiety or depression problems.